Reviewed Study on Reproductive, Floral Biology and Pollination | Original Article

ABSTRACT:

Pollination biology plays a crucial role in phylogeny. Pollinator shape and floral evolution results in the interaction between plants and pollinators, which is thought to be driven force in the evolution of flower. Foraging nature of pollinator is affected by the flower morphology. Long-tongued pollinators favor to visit the flower with longer corolla tubes to get more food and thereby carrying higher amount of pollen to bring effective pollination. Successful pollination is due to floral adaptation of pollinators to a particular type of flower. Thus, sometimes a particular plant species depends on particular type of pollinators for successful pollination, which indicates the co-evolution between flowers and pollinators. Sometimes reduction in population size results in decreased fruit as well as seed set due to insufficient pollen transfer. Small size population may be less attractive by the pollinators. Moreover, ecological interactions between pollinators and plants are mutualistic, because they yield a direct positive gain in fitness to both. Pollinators obtain a source of nutrition from plants during visit to flowers and intern transport pollen. Interaction between plants and animals is essential to maintain the biodiversity. Plant pollinator interaction is vital for maintaining the structural and functional integrity of natural ecosystem, because our prime strategies are to conserve the flora and fauna.