A Comparative Study of the Performance of Selected Public and Private Sector Banks in India | Original Article

ABSTRACT:

Banks form a fundamental component of the financial system and also active players in financial markets. An efficient banking system capable of mobilizing the savings and channeling them to productive purposes are essential for the development of any economy. In present dynamic and competitive financial environment, it is necessary to find out strength and weaknesses of banks, to face challenges effectively Research in financial area becomes helpful for bank to take better decision. The objective of the study is to analyze and compare the overall financial performance of selected public and private sector banks in India. The study is based on secondary data that has been collected from annual reports of the banks, Reserve Bank of India website. Financial performance of banks has been judged on the basis of seven selected financial ratios i.e. Capital Adequacy ratio, Return on Equity, NPA to Net advance ratio, Total Expenditure to Total Income ratio, Total Advance to Total Deposits ratio, Net Interest Margin, Return on Average Assets. Top ten public and private sector banks have been selected for the study. Data have been collected for four years i.e.F.Y. 2015-16,2016-17, 2017-18, 2018-19. Average of four years have been calculated for each ratio of public and private sector banks. Further, comparison of financial performance of public and private sector bank has been made on the basis of average ratios. T-Test have been used for hypotheses testing. Financial ratios i.e. Capital Adequacy ratio, Return on Equity, NPA to Net advance ratio, Total Expenditure to Total Income ratio, Total Advance to Total Deposits ratio, Net Interest Margin, Return on Average Assets of private sector banks are showing better results as compared to public sector banks. Analysis and interpretation of data has proven that financial performance of private sector banks is better than public sector banks. Public sector banks need to improve in areas of Capital Adequacy ratio, Return on Equity, NPA to Net advance ratio, Return on Average Assets for better financial performance in future.