A Study of Pharmacovigilance System in Diabetes and HIV | Original Article

ABSTRACT:

The method of combating HIV with drugs is antiretroviral therapy (ART). It does not kill the virus but only slows down virus growth and reproduction. In industrialized countries, it has proven extremely effective in treating HIVAIDS infection. HIV-infected patients first received HIV antiretroviral therapy in 1986 and zidovudine was first used for treatment as a nucleoside-reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It has been observed that single drug therapy is short-term, so 2-3 drugs have been used later because it provides a long-term advantage. Current ART regimes are available for NRTI, including stavudin, zidovudine, lamivudine and so on NNRTI (inhibitors of the reverse nucleoside transcriptase) including nevirapine, efavirenz protease inhibitors, fusion inhibitors and many others. NRTI's NRTI is available in current ART regimen. Two NRTIs are combined with one NNRTI for antiretroviral therapy. Because this is a combination therapy, several uncommon and severe adverse effects are related, including anaemia due to zidovudine, stavudine induced peripheral neuropathy, lactic acidosis, hyperlactatemia (hyperlactatemia), lipodystrophy, nevirapine induced rash, etc.Patients with HIV infection are immunocompromised, which makes them more likely to develop adverse drug reactions. Antiretroviral treatment can damage trust and adherence of the patient. These medicines can be stopped by patients, and they cause themselves and society as a whole to have problems. Therefore, a timely management of antiretroviral drug adverse reactions is essential to improve patient adherence to the therapy. Insulin and oral antidiabetic agents are included in antidiabetic treatment. Diabetic patients usually take drugs for dyslipidemia, hypertension and antiplatelet therapy in combination with those drugs. As a result, diabetic patients, especially the elderly, are likely to develop an adverse reaction due to multiple medications for different conditions. Hypoglycemia, hypoglycemic coma and hepatotoxics, multiform medication-induced erythema and photo dermatitis, are unusual events associated with antidiabetic treatment.