Article Details

Innate Immunity in pathogenesis of Tuberculosis: An Overview | Original Article

Chhangani Monika*, Sushma Dubey, in Journal of Advances and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education | Multidisciplinary Academic Research

ABSTRACT:

An evolutionary conserved mechanism that detects and fights off illness and discomfort is the innate immune system. Through a variety of germline-encoded cell surface or cytoplasmic receptors, innate immune signalling rapidly detects infectious threats and delivers signals for the application of appropriate defences through adaptors, kinases, and transcription factors, leading to the generation of cytokines. Inflammatory reactions, which are the innate immune system's initial response to pathogenic signals, must be quick and focused in order to create a physical barrier against the spread of infection and must then be stopped once the pathogens have been eradicated. The human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which largely attacks innate immune cells patrolling the lung, is what causes tuberculosis (TB). By identifying the inflammatory environment in the lungs and encouraging the development of adaptive immune responses, innate immune cells act as barometers of the immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosisinfection. However, M. tb can easily control innate immune cells, which are also potential habitats for bacterial proliferation. Particularly in the context of human infection, our knowledge of the early interactions between M. tb and innate immune cells is restricted. This review will concentrate on innate immune pathways discovered through human immunogenic research.